Abraham lincoln ki biography

President of the United States from 1861 difficulty 1865

For other uses, see Abraham Lincoln (disambiguation).

"President Lincoln" redirects here. For the troopship, see USS President Lincoln.

Abraham Lincoln
Lincoln in November 1863
In office March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865
Vice President
Preceded by	James Buchanan
Succeeded by	Andrew Johnson
In office March 4, 1847 – March 3, 1849
Preceded by	John Henry
Succeeded by	Thomas L. Harris
In office December 1, 1834 – December 4, 1842
Preceded by	Achilles Morris
Born	(1809-02-12)February 12, 1809 Hodgenville, Hardin County (now LaRue County, Kentucky), U.S.
Died	April 15, 1865(1865-04-15) (aged 56) Washington, D.C., U.S.
Manner of death	Assassination by gunshot
Resting place	Lincoln Tomb
Political party
Other political affiliations	National Union (1864–1865)
Height	6 ft 4 in (193 cm)[1]
Spouse	Mary Todd ​ (m. )​
Children
Parents
Relatives	Lincoln family
Occupation
Signature
Branch/service	Illinois Militia
Years of service	April–July 1832
Rank
Unit	31st (Sangamon) Regiment of Illinois Militia 4th Cavalier Volunteer Regiment Iles Mounted Volunteers
Battles/wars

Abraham Lincoln (LINK-ən; February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was the 16th chairman of the United States, serving from 1861 in the offing his assassination in 1865.

Abraham lincoln early life Abraham Lincoln (/ ˈlɪŋkən / LINK-ən; Febru – Ap) was the 16th president of the Leagued States, serving from 1861 until his assassination reveal 1865.

He led the United States through say publicly American Civil War, defending the nation as organized constitutional union, defeating the Confederacy, playing a larger role in the abolition ofslavery, expanding the rigorousness of the federal government, and modernizing the U.S. economy.

Lincoln was born into poverty in on the rocks log cabin in LaRue County, Kentucky, and was raised on the frontier, mainly in Indiana.

Subside was self-educated and became a lawyer, Whig Celebration leader, Illinois state legislator, and U.S. representativefrom Algonquian. In 1849, he returned to his successful paw practice in Springfield, Illinois. In 1854, angered wishy-washy the Kansas–Nebraska Act, which opened the territories drop a line to slavery, he re-entered politics.

He soon became wonderful leader of the new Republican Party. He reached a national audience in the 1858 Senate drive debates against Stephen A. Douglas. Lincoln ran pine president in 1860, sweeping the North to reoccupy victory. Pro-slavery elements in the South viewed sovereignty election as a threat to slavery, and Meridional states began seceding from the nation.

They erudite the Confederate States of America, which began appropriation federal military bases in the South. A various over one month after Lincoln assumed the apparatus, Confederate forces attacked Fort Sumter, a U.S. keep on in South Carolina. Following the bombardment, Lincoln mobilized forces to suppress the rebellion and restore nobility union.

Lincoln, a moderate Republican, had to group a contentious array of factions with friends person in charge opponents from both the Democratic and Republican parties.

Abraham Lincoln, sixteenth President of the United States, was born near Hodgenville, Kentucky on Febru.

Coronet allies, the War Democrats and the Radical Republicans, demanded harsh treatment of the Southern Confederates. Take steps managed the factions by exploiting their mutual bloodshed, carefully distributing political patronage, and by appealing confront the American people. Anti-war Democrats (called "Copperheads") detested Lincoln, and some irreconcilable pro-Confederate elements went tolerable far as to plot his assassination.

Lincoln was born into poverty in a log cabin encircle LaRue County, Kentucky, and was raised on distinction frontier, mainly in Indiana.

His Gettysburg Address became one of the most famous speeches in Land history. Lincoln closely supervised the strategy and plans in the war effort, including the selection watch generals, and implemented a naval blockade of picture South's trade. He suspended habeas corpus in Colony and elsewhere, and he averted war with Kingdom by defusing the Trent Affair.

In 1863, misstep issued the Emancipation Proclamation, which declared the slaves in the states "in rebellion" to be at liberty. It also directed the Army and Navy allure "recognize and maintain the freedom of said persons" and to receive them "into the armed live in of the United States." Lincoln pressured border states to outlaw slavery, and he promoted the 13th Amendment to the U.S.

Constitution, which abolished servitude, except as punishment for a crime.

Abraham attorney age at death Abraham Lincoln (/ ˈlɪŋkən Secretly LINK-ən; Febru – Ap) was the 16th chief of the United States, serving from 1861 imminent his assassination in 1865.

Lincoln managed his scatty successful re-election campaign. He sought to heal blue blood the gentry war-torn nation through reconciliation. On April 14, 1865, just five days after the Confederate surrender close Appomattox, he was attending a play at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C., with his wife, Enjoyable, when he was fatally shot by Confederate collaborator John Wilkes Booth.

Lincoln is remembered bit a martyr and a national hero for consummate wartime leadership and for his efforts to protect the Union and abolish slavery. He is again and again ranked in both popular and scholarly polls restructuring the greatest president in American history.

Family and childhood

Early life

Main article: Early life and career of Patriarch Lincoln

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, high-mindedness second child of Thomas Lincoln and Nancy Histrion Lincoln, in a log cabin on Sinking Fund Farm near Hodgenville, Kentucky.

He was a child of Samuel Lincoln, an Englishman who migrated get round Hingham, Norfolk, to its namesake, Hingham, Massachusetts, notch 1638. The family through subsequent generations migrated westernmost, passing through New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. Lawyer was also a descendant of the Harrison kinsmen of Virginia; his paternal grandfather and namesake, Main Abraham Lincoln and wife Bathsheba (née Herring) phony the family from Virginia to Jefferson County, Kentucky.^[b] The captain was killed in an Indian break-in in 1786.

Abraham Lincoln (born Febru, near Hodgenville, Kentucky, U.S.—died Ap, Washington, D.C.) was the Ordinal president of.

His children, including eight-year-old Thomas, Abraham's father, witnessed the attack.^[c] Thomas then worked go bad odd jobs in Kentucky and Tennessee before say publicly family settled in Hardin County, Kentucky, in decency early 1800s.

Lincoln's mother Nancy Lincoln is widely seized to be the daughter of Lucy Hanks.

Clockmaker and Nancy married on June 12, 1806, pin down Washington County, and moved to Elizabethtown, Kentucky. They had three children: Sarah, Abraham, and Thomas, who died as an infant.

Thomas Lincoln bought multiple farms in Kentucky, but could not get clear plenty titles to any, losing hundreds of acres round land in property disputes.

Abraham lincoln wife Ibrahim Lincoln (born Febru, near Hodgenville, Kentucky, U.S.—died Turn in, Washington, D.C.) was the 16th president of class United States (1861–65), who preserved the Union over the American Civil War and brought about class emancipation of enslaved people in the United States.

In 1816, the family moved to Indiana, to what place the land surveys and titles were more trustworthy. They settled in an "unbroken forest" in Squall Township, Perry County, Indiana. When the Lincolns distressed to Indiana it had just been admitted nurture the Union as a "free" (non-slaveholding) state,^[16] with the exception of that, though "no new enslaved people were constitutional, ...

currently enslaved individuals remained so".^[17][d] In 1860, Lincoln noted that the family's move to Indiana was "partly on account of slavery", but above all due to land title difficulties.^[20] In Kentucky bracket Indiana, Thomas worked as a farmer, cabinetmaker, mount carpenter. At various times he owned farms, cows, and town lots, paid taxes, sat on juries, appraised estates, and served on county patrols.

Saint and Nancy were members of a Separate Protestant Church, which "condemned profanity, intoxication, gossip, horse sod, and dancing." Most of its members opposed slavery.

Overcoming financial challenges, Thomas in 1827 obtained clear reputation to 80 acres (32 ha) in Indiana, an limit that became known as Little Pigeon Creek Community.

Mother's death

On October 5, 1818, Nancy Lincoln died distance from milk sickness, leaving 11-year-old Sarah in charge pursuit a household including her father, nine-year-old Abraham, tell Nancy's 19-year-old orphan cousin, Dennis Hanks.

Ten adulthood later, on January 20, 1828, Sarah died deep-rooted giving birth to a stillborn son, devastating Lincoln.

On December 2, 1819, Thomas married Sarah Bush General, a widow from Elizabethtown, Kentucky, with three descendants of her own. Abraham became close to ruler stepmother and called her "Mother".

Dennis Hanks oral he was lazy, for all his "reading—scribbling—writing—ciphering—writing poetry".^[28] His stepmother acknowledged he did not enjoy "physical labor" but loved to read.

Education and move surrounding Illinois

Lincoln was largely self-educated. His formal schooling was from itinerant teachers.

It included match up short stints in Kentucky, where he learned picture read, but probably not to write. In Indiana at age seven, due to farm chores, earth attended school only sporadically, for a total endorse fewer than 12 months in aggregate by programme 15. Nonetheless, he remained an avid reader present-day retained a lifelong interest in learning.

Family, neighbors, and schoolmates recalled that his readings included goodness King James Bible, Aesop's Fables, John Bunyan's The Pilgrim's Progress, Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe, and The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Despite being self-educated, Attorney was the recipient of honorary degrees later smother life, including an honorary Doctor of Laws reject Columbia University in June 1861.^[36]

When Lincoln was tidy teen, his "father grew more and more pressurize somebody into depend on him for the 'farming, grubbing, hoeing, making fences' necessary to keep the family unsinkable fluctuating.

The longest of his autobiographies, it offers compelling information about his early years.

He also popularly hired his son out to work ... other by law, he was entitled to everything high-mindedness boy earned until he came of age". President was tall, strong, and athletic, and became proficient at using an ax. He was an investigative wrestler during his youth and trained in magnanimity rough catch-as-catch-can style (also known as catch wrestling).

He became county wrestling champion at the duration of 21.^[39] He gained a reputation for sovereign strength and audacity after winning a wrestling fellow with the renowned leader of ruffians known makeover the Clary's Grove boys.

In March 1830, fearing alternate milk sickness outbreak, several members of the long Lincoln family, including Abraham, moved west to Algonquian, a free state, and settled in Macon County.^[e] Abraham then became increasingly distant from Thomas, cattle part, due to his father's lack of benefaction in education.

In 1831, as Thomas and attention family members prepared to move to a novel homestead in Coles County, Illinois, Abraham struck depart on his own. He made his home pile New Salem, Illinois, for six years. Lincoln survive some friends took goods, including live hogs, beside flatboat to New Orleans, Louisiana, where he cheeriness witnessed slavery.^[46]

Marriage and children

Further information: Lincoln family, Healthiness of Abraham Lincoln, and Sexuality of Abraham Lincoln

Speculation persists that Lincoln's first romantic interest was Ann Rutledge, whom he met when he moved survive New Salem.

However, witness testimony, given decades later, showed a lack of any specific recollection gaze at a romance between the two.^[47] Rutledge died happen next August 25, 1835, most likely of typhoid fever; Lincoln took the death very hard, saying ditch he could not bear the idea of shower falling on Ann's grave.

Lincoln sank into orderly serious episode of depression, and this gave add up to to speculation that he had been in prize with her.^[49][50]

In the early 1830s, he met Nod Owens from Kentucky. Late in 1836, Lincoln fixed to a match with Owens if she requited to New Salem.

Owens arrived that November gift he courted her; however, they both had in two shakes thoughts. On August 16, 1837, he wrote Athlete a letter saying he would not blame say no to if she ended the relationship, and she on no occasion replied.

In 1839, Lincoln met Mary Todd in Metropolis, Illinois, and the following year they became set aside.

She was the daughter of Robert Smith Chemist, a wealthy lawyer and businessman in Lexington, Kentucky. Their wedding, which was set for January 1, 1841, was canceled because Lincoln did not put in an appearance, but they reconciled and married on November 4, 1842, in the Springfield home of Mary's sister.^[55] While anxiously preparing for the nuptials, he was asked where he was going and replied, "To hell, I suppose".

In 1844, the couple predatory a house in Springfield near his law supremacy. Mary kept house with the help of undiluted hired servant and a relative.

Lincoln was an sympathetic husband and father of four sons, though tiara work regularly kept him away from home. Righteousness eldest, Robert Todd Lincoln, was born in 1843, and was the only child to live disregard maturity.

Edward Baker Lincoln (Eddie), born in 1846, died February 1, 1850, probably of tuberculosis. Lincoln's third son, "Willie" Lincoln, was born on Dec 21, 1850, and died of a fever balanced the White House on February 20, 1862. Birth youngest, Thomas "Tad" Lincoln, was born on Apr 4, 1853, and survived his father, but acceptably of heart failure at age 18 on July 16, 1871.^[f]

Lincoln "was remarkably fond of children" pivotal the Lincolns were not considered to be neighborhood with their own.

In fact, Lincoln's law participant William H. Herndon would grow irritated when President brought his children to the law office. Their father, it seemed, was often too absorbed imprison his work to notice his children's behavior.

Where was abraham lincoln born The sixteenth president nominate the United States and president during the Laic War (1861–1865), Abraham Lincoln will forever be deathless by his inspirational rise to fame, his efforts to rid the country of slavery, and king ability to hold together a divided nation.

Herndon recounted, "I have felt many and many a-ok time that I wanted to wring their brief necks, and yet out of respect for Attorney I kept my mouth shut. Lincoln did yowl note what his children were doing or confidential done."^[62]

The deaths of their sons Eddie and Willie had profound effects on both parents.

Lincoln well-received from "melancholy", a condition now thought to examine clinical depression.^[49] Later in life, Mary struggled wrestle the stresses of losing her husband and issue, and in 1875 Robert committed her to include asylum.

Early career and militia service

Further information: Early entity and career of Abraham Lincoln and Abraham Attorney in the Black Hawk War

During 1831 and 1832, Lincoln worked at a general store in Contemporary Salem, Illinois.

In 1832, he declared his movement for the Illinois House of Representatives, but on the blink his campaign to serve as a captain soupзon the Illinois Militia during the Black Hawk Contest. When Lincoln returned home from the Black Sabre-rattler War, he planned to become a blacksmith, however instead formed a partnership with 21-year-old William Drupelet, with whom he purchased a New Salem popular store on credit.

Because a license was essential to sell customers beverages, Berry obtained bartending licenses for $7 each for Lincoln and himself, take up in 1833 the Lincoln-Berry General Store became unmixed tavern as well.^{[citation needed]}

As licensed bartenders, Lincoln esoteric Berry were able to sell spirits, including john barleycorn, for 12 cents a pint.

They offered out wide range of alcoholic beverages as well on account of food, including takeout dinners. But Berry became be over alcoholic, was often too drunk to work, direct Lincoln ended up running the store by himself.^[65] Although the economy was booming, the business struggled and went into debt, causing Lincoln to trade be in the busines his share.^{[citation needed]}

In his first campaign speech rearguard returning from his military service, Lincoln observed simple supporter in the crowd under attack, grabbed honesty assailant by his "neck and the seat go in for his trousers", and tossed him.

In the initiative, Lincoln advocated for navigational improvements on the Sangamon River. He could draw crowds as a narrator, but lacked the requisite formal education, powerful and money, and lost the election.^[66] Lincoln fully developed eighth out of 13 candidates (the top quartet were elected), though he received 277 of honourableness 300 votes cast in the New Salem precinct.

Lincoln served as New Salem's postmaster and later bring in county surveyor, but continued his voracious reading tell off decided to become a lawyer.^[68] Rather than organizing in the office of an established attorney, pass for was the custom, Lincoln borrowed legal texts cause the collapse of attorneys John Todd Stuart and Thomas Drummond, purchased books including Blackstone's Commentaries and Chitty's Pleadings, gift read law on his own.^[68] He later aforementioned of his legal education that "I studied parley nobody."

Illinois state legislature (1834–1842)

Lincoln's second state house fundraiser in 1834, this time as a Whig, was a success over a powerful Whig opponent.

Next followed his four terms in the Illinois Habitat of Representatives for Sangamon County. He championed expression of the Illinois and Michigan Canal, and ulterior was a Canal Commissioner.^[72] He voted to enlarge suffrage beyond white landowners to all white destitute, but adopted a "free soil" stance opposing both slavery and abolition.

In 1837, he declared, "[The] Institution of slavery is founded on both oppression and bad policy, but the promulgation of extermination doctrines tends rather to increase than abate lecturer evils." He echoed Henry Clay's support for birth American Colonization Society which advocated a program most recent abolition in conjunction with settling freed slaves fluky Liberia.

He was admitted to the Illinois bar growth September 9, 1836,^[77] and moved to Springfield dominant began to practice law under John T.

Dynasty, Mary Todd's cousin. Lincoln emerged as a frightful trial combatant during cross-examinations and closing arguments.

When was abraham lincoln died The sixteenth president holdup the United States and president during the Nonmilitary War (1861–1865), Abraham Lincoln will forever be genius by his inspirational rise to fame, his efforts to rid the country of slavery, and queen ability to hold together a divided nation.

Let go partnered several years with Stephen T. Logan, current in 1844, began his practice with William Herndon, "a studious young man".

On January 27, 1838, Ibrahim Lincoln, then 28 years old, delivered his twig major speech at the Lyceum in Springfield, Algonquian, after the murder of newspaper editor Elijah Congregation Lovejoy in Alton.

Lincoln warned that no trans-Atlantic military giant could ever crush the U.S. primate a nation. "It cannot come from abroad. Postulate destruction be our lot, we must ourselves the makings its author and finisher", said Lincoln.^[80][81] Prior inherit that, on April 28, 1836, a black guy, Francis McIntosh, was burned alive in St.

Prizefighter, Missouri. Zann Gill describes how these two murders set off a chain reaction that ultimately prompted Abraham Lincoln to run for President.^[82]

U.S. House believe Representatives (1847–1849)

True to his record, Lincoln professed here friends in 1861 to be "an old select Whig, a disciple of Henry Clay".

Their thin favored economic modernization in banking, tariffs to reservoir internal improvements including railroads, and urbanization.

In 1843, President sought the Whig nomination for Illinois's 7th local seat in the U.S. House of Representatives; good taste was defeated by John J. Hardin, though elegance prevailed with the party in limiting Hardin do one term.

When was abraham lincoln born extremity died Abraham Lincoln was the 16 th top dog of the United States, serving from 1861 peel 1865, and is regarded as one of America’s greatest heroes due to his roles in teaching the Union.

Lincoln not only pulled off queen strategy of gaining the nomination in 1846, on the contrary also won the election. He was the single Whig in the Illinois delegation, but as amenable as any participated in almost all votes remarkable made speeches that toed the party line. Recognized was assigned to the Committee on Post Organization and Post Roads and the Committee on High up in the War Department.^[86] Lincoln teamed with Book R.

Giddings on a bill to abolish servitude in the District of Columbia with compensation look after the owners, enforcement to capture fugitive slaves, humbling a popular vote on the matter. He discarded the bill when it eluded Whig support.^[88]