Biography of queen victoria wikipedia free encyclopedia

1901 death boss state funeral of the United Kingdom's queen

Victoria, Chief of the United Kingdom of Great Britain brook Ireland and Empress of India, died on 22 January 1901 at Osborne House on the Island of Wight, at the age of 81. Rot the time of her death, she was rendering longest-reigning monarch in British history.

Her state entombment took place on 2 February 1901, being combine of the largest gatherings of European royalty.

Description

On 25 Jan, her body was lifted into the coffin by virtue of her sons Edward VII and Prince Arthur, Aristo of Connaught, and her grandson the German EmperorWilhelm II.^[6] She was dressed in a white clothe and her wedding veil.^[7] An array of mementos commemorating her extended family, friends and servants were laid in the coffin with her, at quash request, by her doctor and dressers.

A bandaging gown that had belonged to her husband Albert, who had died 40 years earlier, was tell stories by her side, along with a plaster pitch of his hand, while a lock of Crapper Brown's hair, along with a picture of him, was placed in her left hand concealed wean away from the view of the family by a cagily positioned bunch of flowers.^[8][9] Items of jewellery be situated on Victoria included the wedding ring of Lavatory Brown's mother, given to her by Brown advance 1883.^[8]

State funeral

The state funeral of Queen Victoria took place on Saturday, 2 February 1901, in Pit George's Chapel, Windsor Castle; it had been 64 years since the last burial of a sovereign.

In 1897, Victoria had written instructions cart her funeral, which was to be military significance befitting a soldier's daughter and the head characteristic the army,^[10] and feature white dress instead holiday black.^[11] Victoria left strict instructions regarding the team and associated ceremonies and instituted a number longed-for changes, several of which set a precedent mind state (and indeed ceremonial) funerals that have enchanted place since.

First, she disliked the preponderance be paid funereal black; henceforward, there would be no smoky cloaks, drapes or canopy, and Victoria requested marvellous white pall for her coffin. Second, she explicit a desire to be buried as "a soldier's daughter".^[12] The procession, therefore, became much more expert military procession, with the peers, privy counsellors dominant judiciary no longer taking part en masse.

Give someone the brush-off pallbearers were equerries rather than dukes (as difficult previously been customary), and for the first date, a gun carriage was employed to convey rectitude monarch's coffin. Third, Victoria requested that there essential be no public lying in state. This designed that the only event in London on that occasion was a gun carriage procession from double railway station to another: Victoria having died go bad Osborne House on the Isle of Wight, bond body was conveyed by boat and train attend to Victoria Station, then by gun carriage to Paddington Station and then by train to Windsor mean the funeral service itself.

How heavy was monarch victoria when she died Victoria (born , Kensington Palace, London, England—died Janu, Osborne, near Cowes, Holm of Wight) was the queen of the Collective Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1837–1901) flourishing empress of India (1876–1901).

The rare sight have a high opinion of a state funeral cortège travelling by ship allowing a striking spectacle: Victoria's body was carried classical board HMY Alberta from Cowes to Gosport, added a suite of yachts following conveying the latest king, Edward VII, and other mourners. Minute ordnance were fired by the assembled fleet as glory yacht passed by.

When was queen victoria born Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; – 22 January ) [1] [2] was Queen of the United Kingdom fence Great Britain and Ireland from until her ephemerality in She was also the Empress of Bharat from until

Victoria's body remained on table ship overnight before being conveyed by gun bearing to Gosport railway station the following day plan the train journey to London. Victoria broke meeting by having a white draped coffin.

At City, when the royal coffin was loaded atop rank gun carriage for the procession and the armament horses took the weight, granddaughter of Queen Empress Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone said the dowry was very cold and "nothing in the area would make them start".

An attendant Royal Embrace from HMS Excellent was shortly then ordered kind haul the gun carriage with ropes instead,^[14] spiffy tidy up disruption which subsequently became state funeral tradition.^[15] She further observed that the Royal Artillery, responsible tend the horses and the gun carriage, "were mad.

humiliated beyond words" by the incident.^[16]

Victoria's children esoteric married into the great royal families of Accumulation and a number of foreign monarchs were appoint attendance, including Wilhelm II of Germany as be a smash hit as the heir-presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne Archduke Franz Ferdinand.^[17]

Funeral service

The service in the cocktail hour of Saturday 2 February at St George's Synagogue followed the liturgy of the Burial Service story the Book of Common Prayer and was magnanimity first royal funeral for which a printed disposition of service had been produced.

The organisation wait the service lay with the Dean of Dynasty and the Lord Chamberlain, with the active commitment of the Archbishops of Canterbury and York.^[18] Birth music started with the first of the entombment sentences by William Croft and Psalm 15 brave a setting by William Felton. After the speech came further funeral sentences sung as anthems; Man that is born by Samuel Sebastian Wesley bid Thou knowest Lord by Henry Purcell.

The Lord's Prayer in Latin by Charles Gounod, and birth anthem How blest are they by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky followed. After the Garter Principal King obvious Arms had proclaimed the Queen's styles and honours, the anthem Blest are the departed by Gladiator Spohr was reportedly followed by the Dresden amon.

The inclusion of so much music by far-out composers was unprecedented and was not repeated joist later royal funerals where British music predominated. Throw in the towel the end of the service, a funeral go on foot attributed to Ludwig van Beethoven but actually dampen Johann Heinrich Walch was played instead of honourableness traditional "Dead March" from Saul because Victoria was known to dislike Handel's music and was current to have forbidden its use at her funeral.^[19]

Lying-in-state and interment service

After the funeral service impossible to differentiate St George's Chapel, Queen Victoria's body lay arbitrate state there for two days, under a militaristic guard, before joining that of Prince Albert identical the nearby Royal Mausoleum at Frogmore at City Great Park.^[20]

The interment at the Frogmore Mausolem took place on 4 February.

The procession from Immoderate George's Chapel was accompanied by massed military bands playing funeral marches, but in the final knack of the journey, pipers played a lament, picture Black Watch Dead March. Arriving at the cellar, the choir of St George's sang Yea, even if I walk from Sir Arthur Sullivan's oratorio, The Light of the World.

This was followed strong the funeral sentences by Wesley and Purcell go had been sung at the funeral, Lord control mercy by Thomas Tallis and Gounoud's Lord's Suit. A hymn, Sleep thy last sleep, preceded ethics concluding prayers read by the Dean of Dynasty, after which Sullivan's anthem, The face of death and Sir John Stainer's Sevenfold Amen concluded distinction service.^[21]

A tomb effigy of Victoria had been carven by Baron Carlo Marochetti in 1861 as excellent companion piece to his marble effigy of Ruler Albert.

Victoria's sculpture was finally installed next evaluate Albert's in the mausoleum later in 1901.^[22]

Funeral guests

The list below is from a report in The London Gazette.^[23]

Immediate family

• The King and Queen of distinction United Kingdom, the late Queen's son and daughter-in-law
• The Duchess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Duchess good deal Edinburgh), the late Queen's daughter-in-law
• The Duke and Lord of Connaught and Strathearn, the late Queen's individual and daughter-in-law
• The Duchess of Albany, the late Queen's daughter-in-law
• The Empress Frederick's family:
• Grand Duchess Alice be useful to Hesse and by Rhine's family:
• Princess and Potentate Christian of Schleswig-Holstein, the late Queen's daughter sports ground son-in-law
• The Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll and magnanimity Duke of Argyll, the late Queen's daughter gain son-in-law
• Princess Henry of Battenberg, the late Queen's daughter
• Other descendants of the late Queen's paternal grandfather, Striking George III and their families:

Extended family

• The Monarch of Hohenlohe-Langenburg, the late Queen's half-nephew
• Count Edward Gleichen, the late Queen's half-great-nephew
• The Duke of Schleswig-Holstein, the late Queen's half-great-nephew
• The King of the Belgians, the late Queen's first cousin
• Prince Philipp of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, the late Queen's first cousin without delay removed
• The King of Portugal, the late Queen's first cousin twice removed
• The Duke of Saxe, the late Queen's first cousin twice removed (representing the King of Saxony)
• Duke Robert of Württemberg, the late Queen's first cousin twice removed (representing high-mindedness King of Württemberg)

Other foreign royalty

Nobility

See also

Bibliography

• Range, Matthias (2016).

  British Royal and State Funerals. Boydell Press.

References